<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Bulletin of the Russian Academy of Sciences: Physics</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title>Bulletin of the Russian Academy of Sciences: Physics</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">0367-6765</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">3034-6460</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Russian Academy of Science</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.7868/S3034646025060138</article-id><title-group><article-title>Variations in characteristics of the northern hemisphere&#039;s middle atmosphere during solar proton events of January 2005</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>ВАРИАЦИИ ХАРАКТЕРИСТИК СРЕДНЕЙ АТМОСФЕРЫ СЕВЕРНОГО ПОЛУШАРИЯ В ХОДЕ СОЛНЕЧНЫХ ПРОТОННЫХ СОБЫТИЙ ЯНВАРЯ 2005 Г.</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid"></contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Veretenenko</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Веретененко</surname><given-names>С. В. </given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>s.veretenenko@mail.ioffe.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"></xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"></xref></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение науки «Физико-технический институт имени А.Ф. Иоффе Российской академии наук»</institution><institution xml:lang="en">Ioffe Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff><institution xml:lang="ru"></institution><institution xml:lang="en"></institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-06-01" publication-format="electronic"><day>01</day><month>06</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>80</volume><issue>6</issue><fpage>901</fpage><lpage>904</lpage><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Characteristics of the middle atmosphere of the Northern hemisphere were investigated during Solar Proton Events of January 2005; the data of the MERRA-2 archive being used. It was found that the events under study were accompanied by sharp changes of zonal wind velocity and temperature in the high-latitudinal atmosphere. The obtained results provide evidence for an intensification of the stratospheric polar vortex during the studied events, which was followed by a sharp weakening of the vortex and the development of a small stratospheric warming.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Исследованы изменения характеристик средней атмосферы Северного полушария во время серии солнечных протонных событий января 2005 г. по данным архива MERRA-2. Обнаружено, что исследуемые события сопровождались резкими изменениями зональной скорости ветра и температуры в высокоширотной атмосфере. Полученные результаты указывают на интенсификацию стратосферного полярного вихря во время исследуемых событий, за которой последовало резкое ослабление вихря и развитие небольшого стратосферного потепления.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>солнечная активность солнечные протонные события средняя атмосфера полярный вихрь стратосферное потепление</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>солнечная активность солнечные протонные события средняя атмосфера полярный вихрь стратосферное потепление</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group xml:lang="ru"><funding-statement>Работа выполнена в рамках темы государственного задания ФГИ им. А.Ф. Иоффе № FFUG-2024-0002.</funding-statement></funding-group><funding-group xml:lang="en"><funding-statement>Работа выполнена в рамках темы государственного задания ФГИ им. А.Ф. 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